Keywords
vortex apparatus
flow swirl
evaporative cooling
heat transfer
Nusselt number
Reynolds number
wet gas cleaning
How to Cite
Abstract
The article presents the results of a comprehensive experimental study on the intensification of contact heat transfer during the direct interaction of hot water and air flows in a vortex-type apparatus. The relevance of the research is determined by the increasing demand for improved energy efficiency, reduced operat-ing costs, and enhanced environmental safety of thermal and gas-cleaning systems, as well as the transition of industry toward sustainable development principles. The objective of the study is to establish quantitative relationships between hydrodynamic parameters, liquid-to-gas mass flow ratios, swirl intensity, and their influ-ence on the heat transfer coefficient, thermal capacity, and overall efficiency of the apparatus.
An experimental setup with tangential injection of both gas and liquid phases was developed and implemented to ensure the formation of a stable vortex regime, an expanded interfacial contact surface, and a high level of turbulence. The experimental data were processed using the Nusselt and Reynolds similarity criteria, together with heat balance equations accounting for evaporation, condensation, and changes in air moisture content. Experiments were carried out over a wide range of Reynolds numbers and L/G ratios, allowing stable heat transfer patterns to be identified.
It was established that increasing the gas Reynolds number from 45,360 to 97,253 results in a rise of the Nusselt number from 2,300 to 15,700. Higher irrigation density intensifies heat transfer due to enhanced liquid dispersion and enlargement of the interfacial area. The obtained results can be applied in the design and modernization of energy-efficient vortex heat exchangers and wet gas-cleaning systems.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmatov, A.A. (Muallif)