Kalit so‘zlar
titrash (vibratsiya) diagnostikasi
mexanik barqarorlik
titrash tezlanishi
akselerometr o‘lchovlari
sinusoidal tebranish
mexanik kuchlanish
charchash jarayoni
kumulyativ zarar
real vaqt monitoringi
Iqtibos keltirish tartibi
Annotatsiya
Maqola moyli kuch transformatorlarida ish jarayonida paydo bo‘ladigan mexanik titrashning aslida qanchalik xavfli omil ekanini ilmiy jihatdan ochib beradi. Titrash faqat “shovqin” yoki tashqi belgi emas – u sekin-asta uskuna mexanik resursini yemiradigan, xizmat muddatini qisqartiradigan jiddiy degradatsiya manbai sifatida ko‘riladi. Maqolada titrashning bosh sabablarini aniq sanab o‘tiladi : vaqt bo‘yicha beqaror elektromagnit maydon keltirib chiqaradigan dinamik kuchlar, qisqa tutashuv paytidagi kuchli elektrodinamik zarbalar, uzoq ishlash davomida magnit o‘zak va chulg‘am bloklarida to‘planadigan siljish va bo‘shashishlar, shuningdek tashqi mexanik ta’sirlar –transport paytidagi zarbalar, yer silkinishi yoki yaqin atrofdagi tebranish manbalari. Tajribalarda titrash tezlanishi sinusoidal model orqali ifodalangan va yuqori aniqlikdagi akselerometrlar bilan o‘lchangan. Shu asosda tezlanishning effektiv qiymati hamda chastota spektri aniqlangan. Mex-anik kuchlanishlarni hisoblashda nur nazariyasi qo‘llanib, chulg‘am elementlarida eng yuqori normal va kesuvchi kuchlanishlar topilgan. Keyin bu kuchlanishlar char-chash xatti-harakatini tavsiflovchi empirik bog‘lanishlar bilan bog‘lanib, charchash sikllari soniga “aylantirilgan”. Umumiy zarar esa chiziqli zarar to‘planishi qoidasi orqali baholangan – ya’ni har bir yuklama hissasi jamlanib, eskirishning yig‘indi ta’siri ko‘rsatilgan. Amaliy tomonda, 20 MVA quvvatli real transformator misolida turli darajadagi titrash tezlanishlari (yengildan kuchligacha) uchun hisoblar bajarilgan. Natija ravshan: titrash kuchaygan sari mexanik kuchlanishlar keskin o‘sadi, char-chash chegarasi pasayadi va xizmat muddati sezilarli qisqaradi. Bu bog‘liqlik raqamli jadval va grafiklar bilan ishonchli tasdiqlangan. Titrash hodisasi yakunda trans-formatorning haqiqiy mexanik resursini “yeb boradigan” asosiy omillardan biri ekanligi aniqlandi. Taklif etilgan matematik model va hisoblash metodikasi esa real vaqt monitoringi, qoldiq xizmat muddatini oldindan baholash va profilaktik ta’mirlashni rejalash uchun qulay, ilmiy asoslangan diagnostik vosita sifatida tavsiya etiladi.
Adabiyotlar ro‘yxati
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